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.com/cgi-bin/eo-direct-frame.pl?http://i-cias.com/e.o/saladin.htm112 INDEXAbbasid dynasty, 34, 38 Church of the Holy Sepulcher, 15, 62Acre, 64-73, 86 Clermont, 20, 25Richard in, 88 Conrad of Montferrat, 58, 66Saladin s defeat at, 77, 83 Constantinople, 26Al-Adid, 34, 38 Cresson, 49Al-Adil, Saif al-Din, 99, 100 Crusades, 26, 27, 44Al-Afdal (son), 49, 97, 100 and Acre, 64-73Al-Aqsa mosque, 62, 94 and army, 14, 53-54, 68, 69, 70,Aleppo, 31, 40, 42-43 75-76, 83Alexandria, 35, 37, 38, 59, 86 beginning of, 20-22Ali ibn Talib, 26-27, 34 and birth of Saladin, 29-30Allah, 14, 23, 26, 103, 104 and divisions within Islam,Al-Malik al-Salih Ismail, 40 26-27Al-Salih, 43 First, 12-15, 20-22, 25, 60Al-Zaher, 97 legacy of, 102-104Amalric, 35, 37 reasons for, 22-25Antioch, 25 and Richard s coastal march,Arsuf, 58, 77-79, 81 74-81Ascalon, 15, 16, 59-60, 77 and Saladin s war against Franks,negotiations over, 88, 90-91, 93 40-42, 44-49, 51, 52-63, 64-73,Richard s march to, 75-81 74-83, 84-91, 93Saladin s sacrifice of, 77, 80 Second, 25Assassins, 43-44 Third, 67-73, 74-83, 84-91, 93Atabeg, 27, 31Ayyubid dynasty, 97, 100-101 Damascus, 25, 31, 33, 37, 39, 48,Ayyub, Najm al-Din (father), 30-32, 49, 96-9733 Dome of the Rock, 62, 94Baalbek, 31 Edessa, 25, 31Baghdad, 30, 31, 34 EgyptBaldwin V, King of Jerusalem, 47 and Abbasids, 34, 38Balian of Ibelin, 60, 62-63 Fatimid, 34-35, 37-38Beit Nuba, 86, 88 and Franks, 35, 37Byzantine Empire, 20, 23, 25-26, 35 Mamluk, 15-16, 86, 101Saladin as Sultan of, 39Caesarea, 58 Saladin as vizier of, 37-38Caliphates, 27 Saladin in control of, 38Caliphs, 26 Saladin s campaigns in, 34-35,Cataphracts, 23 37, 38, 59Christianity and Syria, 34-35, 37and Byzantine Empire, 20, 23, Emir, 2725-26, 35and conflict with Islam.Fatima, 34See Crusades Fatimid Egypt, 34-35, 37-38113 INDEXFirst Crusade, 12-15, 20-22, 25, 60 Kerak, 45-46, 47, 56, 65Franks, 20, 22, 25, 26 Knights Hospitaller and Templar.and Egypt, 35, 37 See Hospitallers, TemplarsSaladin s war against, 40-42, 44-49, Koran, 23, 26, 42-43, 47, 60, 62, 7751, 52-63, 64-73, 74-83, 84-91, Krak des Chevaliers, 6593See also Crusades Lubiya, 52Frederick Barbarossa, 66-67Mahmud.See Nur al-DinGermans, 66-67 Malik al-Salih Ismail, 40Godfrey of Bouillon, 13-14, 17 Mamluk Egypt, 15-16, 86, 101Greek fire, 16, 17, 69 Mangonels, 14, 70Guy of Lusignan, 47, 48, 49, 51, Manzikert, 2352-55, 56-57, 58-59, 66, 67, 68 Medina, 46Mongols, 101Hattin, Horns of, 52-58, 73, 75 Mosul, 31, 40, 42-43Henry IV, King of Germany, 22 Muhammad, 15, 16, 23, 25, 26, 46,Homs, 41-42 62, 96, 103Hospitallers Knights, 49, 52-56 Muslims/Islamand army, 15-16, 17, 23Imad al-Din, 40 and Byzantine Empire, 25-26Imams, 27 and conflict with Christianity.Islam.See Muslims/Islam See Crusadesdivisions with, 34Jaffa, 58 divisions within, 26-27, 30, 31,Saladin s defeat at, 88-90 43Jerusalem and Saladin, 33, 38, 40-44, 46-47,capture of by Christians in First 48, 60, 74, 77, 84, 91, 97, 99,Crusade, 12-15, 20-22, 25, 60 102-107and conflict after death of and spread of Islam, 23Baldwin V, 47-48creation of as Christian kingdom, Nobles, and Crusades, 20-2325 Nur al-Din, 25, 31, 33, 34, 35, 37,and Saladin s negotiations with 38-39, 40, 79, 103Richard, 82-83, 84-88, 90-91, 93Saladin s reconquest of, 15-17, 19, Outremer, 2558-63, 67Saladin s tour of, 94-96 PalestineJesus, 15, 25, 96 Christian conquest of.Jews See Crusadesmurder of in First Crusade, 15 Saladin s invasion of, 47-49, 50-51,Saladin welcoming back to 52-63Jerusalem, 62 See also JerusalemJihad, 17, 103-107 Philip II, King of England, 67, 70John (Richard s brother), 73, 87, 90 Plenary indulgence, 22114 INDEXRashid al-Din Sinan, 43 family of, 30-32, 33Rashidun, 26 and final days, 94-97, 99Raymond of Saint-Gilles, 13-14, 17 and illness from stress, 66-67Raymond of Tripoli, 47-49, 51, 52 and invasion of Palestine, 47-49,Reginald of Châtillon, 45-46, 47, 50-51, 52-6356-57, 65 and Islam, 33, 38, 40-44, 46-47,Richard the Lionheart 48, 60, 74, 77, 84, 91, 97, 99,and Acre, 67, 70-73 102-107and Arsuf, 77-79 and joining father in Damascus,and Ascalon, 75-81 33and coastal march, 74-77 legacy of, 102-107and Jaffa, 90 and mercy and cooperation withand negotiations with Saladin enemies, 16, 17, 19, 42-43, 47,over Jerusalem, 82-83, 84-88, 56, 57, 59, 60-63, 66, 69-70,90-91, 93 71-72, 73, 99and military and political train-Saif al-Din al-Adil, 46 ing, 31-33, 35, 37Saif al-Din Ghazi, 40 and negotiations with RichardSaladin over Jerusalem, 82-83, 84-88,army of, 16, 17, 52, 54, 55, 69, 72, 90-91, 9391, 99, 100 plot against, 43-44and Arsuf, 77-79, 81 and retirement in Damascus,and aversion to siege warfare, 37, 96-9759, 86 and Richard s coastal march,and beginning of political career, 74-8131 and sacrifice of Ascalon, 77, 80and birth name, 28, 99 sons of, 49, 70, 97birth of, 24, 29 and succession, 97, 100and campaigns in Egypt, 34-35, as Sultan of Syria and Egypt, 3937, 38, 59 tomb of, 101-102and capture of Jerusalem, 15-17, and tour of Jerusalem, 94-9619, 58-63, 67 as vizier of Egypt, 37-38childhood of, 29-33 and war against Franks, 40-42,and consolidation of power in 44-49, 51, 52-63, 64-73, 74-83,battles against rebellious cities, 84-91, 9340-44 Saladin Tithe, 67and control of Egypt, 38 Second Crusade, 25and cruelty, 77 Seljuk Turks, 23, 26death of, 97, 99 Shariah (Muslim religious law), 26and defeat at Acre, 64-73, 77, Shawar, 34-35, 3783, 86 Shiite Muslims, 26-27, 33, 34, 43and defeat at Jaffa, 88-90 Shirkuh (uncle), 30-31and defeat of Franks at Hattin, and campaigns in Egypt, 34-35, 3752-58, 73 and Saladin s military training, 31115 INDEXSinan, 43 Templars Knights, 49, 52-56Sinjar, 40 Third Crusade, 67-73, 74-83,Sufism, 27, 31 84-91, 93Sultans, 26, 27 Tiberias, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52Sunni Muslims, 26, 27, 33, 34, Tikrit, 30, 3138, 43 Trenchemere, 71Syria Tripoli, 25, 66and Egypt, 34-35, 37 Tyre, 58, 63, 64-65, 66and Nur al-Din, 34, 35, 38-39Saladin as Sultan of, 39 Urban II, Pope, 20-23, 25, 102and Syrian army engineers,16, 17, 69 Zengi, Imad al-Din, 30, 31, 103116 PICTURE CREDITSpage:2: Leonard de Selva/ Corbis 61: Corbis13: Hulton Archive/Getty Images 65: Bettmann/Corbis18: Archivo Iconographico, S.A./ Corbis 68: Hulton Archive/Getty Images21: Archivo Iconographico, S.A./ Corbis 71: Gianni Dagli Orti/ Corbis24: Hulton Archive/Getty Images 75: Hierophant Collection29: Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis 78: Historical Picture Archive/Corbis32: Archivo Iconographico, S.A./ Corbis 81: Paul A.Souders/Corbis36: K.M.Westermann/Corbis 85: Historical Picture Archive/Corbis41: Bettmann/Corbis 89: Bettmann/Corbis45: Bettmann/Corbis 92: David Rubinger/Corbis50: Richard T.Nowitz 98: Bettmann/Corbis53: Historical Picture Archive/Corbis 101: Hulton Archive/Getty Images57: Michael Masan Historic 105: CorbisPhotographs/CorbisCover: Hierophant CollectionFrontis: SEF/Art Resource.NY117 ABOUT THE AUTHORJOHN DAVENPORT holds a Ph.D.from the University of Connecticut andcurrently teaches at St.Raymond School in Menlo Park, California.He livesin San Carlos, California, with his wife, Jennifer, and his two sons, Williamand Andrew.ARTHUR M.SCHLESINGER JR.is the leading American historian of our time.Hewon the Pulitzer Prize for his book The Age of Jackson (1945) and again for achronicle of the Kennedy administration, A Thousand Days (1965), which alsowon the National Book Award
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