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.]pressure on the d4-pawn.17.&àfc1 Normally 22.&àxc2 23.%àxc2 (àxe4 24.%àxe4White wants to reply Na4 when Black places EXERCISE: Which way is the most precisethe queen on this active square, but that move recapture of the pawn?is not available because of the bishop on d7.ANSWER: %àxd4!This is one of the points of Black's set-up.[ 24.&àxd4? is imprecise after 25.%àe5+[ Note that the exchange of the strong knight , practically forcing the weakening move f6to the useful bishop on d7 with 17.(àxd7 when after 26.%àe3 and 27 Be4 White isn't(àxd7 followed by 18.(àa4 amounts to worse any more.]nothing after %àb5 when White has lost the 25.%àxb7 %àxf4 26.&àf1 a5 The start of aharmony of his position.Particularly the minority attack with.a5-a4.White's positionbishop on b1 is a bad sight.] is slightly uncomfortable, mainly because of17.&àfd8 18.h3 The king needs an escape the passive rook and bishop having no usefulsquare.active functions.[ The variation 18.(àxd7 (àxd7 19.(àa4 27.%àe4? A mistake.Now Black's task is&àxc2 20.&àxc2 %àb4 accentuate the easier after the exchange of queens.At theweakness of the back rank in White's camp.same time it's understandable White finds theAfter the practically forced 21.%àc3 ( if black queen disturbing on its active position.21.(àc3 (àf5 22.&àd2 &àc8 23.(àe2 (àf6 [ A more stubborn defence is 27.%àe7with strong initiative ) 21.%àxc3 22.(àxc3 , with the idea of exchanging queens only(àb8! White, not surprisingly, has problems when forced to.]with his d4-pawn.When playing this 27.%àxe4 28.'àxe4 &àd2 29.&àa1structure White must in general aim for the [ The more economical defence 29.'àb1middlegame, since the endgame normally doesn't change the verdict of the position.favours Black because of his better pawn Black continues f5 followed by thestructure.] centralization of his king.The king, which18.'àe8 This consolidating move increases is like a small queen moving one move inthe harmony within Black's forces and now we all directions, replaces the exchanged queenare just waiting for an additional move like.with domination on the dark squares.]Kg7 to complete the harmonious picture of his 29.f5 30.'àb7 White's idea is to place theposition.bishop on the safe and active square c4.19.(àg4 Here we see another point of playing EXERCISE: Can you find a set-up to prevent18 h3.White's idea?QUESTION: How should Black react to the ANSWER: e5! 31.'àa6 'àf7 After this strongversatile and annoying knight? set-up White can only sit and wait, watchingANSWER: If White has a knight on e5 in a while Black improves his position.32.'àb5 e4symmetrical pawn position then Black can 33.g3 'àd5 34.'àf1have one too.[ 34.$àf1 gives Black the strong tactical(àfe4! Black's knight centralization releases possibility: e3! 35.fxe3 &àh2 and White'sthe potential energy in his position.position is in ruins.]Particularly the rook on d8 is important in this 34.$àf6 35.h4 $àe5 36.&àb1 The same asrespect, putting pressure on d4 after a likely resignation.White doesn't want to watch theexchange on e4.black king enter d4, helping to break up20.(àxe4 What else? White's pawn position with.e4-e3 before penetrating deeper via f3 and g3.&àfd8 15.&àfc1 a6 16.a3 and here Topalov[ An illustrative variation is 36.'àg2 $àd4 played the strong 'àf6!.The main idea is to( it's unnecessary to rush with 36.e3 activate the queen to g5 after let's say 17.b437.'àxd5 e2?? 38.'àf3! when White even %àg5.A useful idea to remember in thiswins ) 37.'àf1 e3 38.fxe3+ $àxe3.] variation.]36.&àxa2 37.b4 a4 38.b5 a3 8.'àxb2! ANSWER: In principle Black is0-1 happy with an exchange of the dark-squaredbishops.White will be left with the worsebishop and as a consequence becomesB53 weaker on the dark squares.Sefc,J [ 8.(àf6 is playable, but there is noPetrosian,T guarantee anymore that the bishops will17: European Team Championship, Vienna be exchanged on the long diagonal.][Thomas Engqvist] 9.%àxb2 (àf6 10.'àe2 0-0 11.(àc3 (àh5!?[ A normal move in such positions is to playPetrosian played on board 6 in this event, 11.'àg4 , with the idea of exchanging thescoring three wins and two draws.Here he knight on f3, increasing Black's control ofplays the Czech player Jan Sefc (1924-), who the dark squares.The text move alsowas a reasonable good player with a highest focuses on the dark squares in a typicalrating of 2525 according to Chessmetrics.com.Petrosian way.]In 1956 it gave him place no.127 according to 12.0-0 (àf4 13.(àd5 QUESTION: Which ofthe world rankings.the two possible exchanges should Black aim1.e4 c5 2.(àf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.%àxd4 for?The Chekhover Variation was initiated in ANSWER: (àxe2+ It may seem paradoxical toLeningrad 1938 in the game V.Chekhover-G.exchange White's bad bishop.In someLisitsin.Other names for this variation are the endings though this bishop is not so bad as itSzily and the Hungarian variation.looks and Black didn't have any other good'àd7 The idea is to win a tempo with.Nc6 options after entering this line with 11.Nh5!?.without allowing the pin Bb5, but the price is a What Petrosian is doing is following anotherpassive placement of the bishop.plan of exploiting the hole on d4.[ 4.a6 has the same advantage as 4.Bd7, [ Instead, 13.(àxd5?! has the defect that itbut keeps open possibilities of placing the increases White's space advantage andbishop more actively on g4.] create a potential weakness on e7 after[ The aforementioned stem-game continued 14.exd5.]4.(àc6 5.'àb5 'àd7 ( Zaitsev's 5.%àd7 14.%àxe2 'àg4 15.%àe3 e5 This is theis an interesting continuation ) 6.'àxc6 'àxc6 positional idea which is not without risk.It7.(àc3 (àf6 8.'àg5 %àb6 with a balanced should be mentioned that 1957 is one of theposition.] years when Petrosian was more inclined to5.c4 play riskier chess than usual.I think this is[ W.Bialas-T.Petrosian, Hamburg 1960, exemplified by this game because he alloweddeviated with 5.'àg5 (àc6 6.%àd2 h6 7.'àh4 White to establish a centralized knight on theg5 8.'àg3 'àg7 9.c3 (àf6 10.'àd3 (àh5 fifth rank, in itself a risk.11.(àa3 (àxg3 12.hxg3 %àc7 13.(àc2 0-0-0 16.(àe1? Too passive.It's better to allow the14.(àe3 e6 15.0-0 $àb8 16.&àfc1? 'àf6 exchange of the bishop for a knight.17.c4 %àa5 18.%àd1?? 'àxb2 and Petrosian [ One illustrative variation of the positionaleventually won the game.] risk Black is taking is: 16.h3 'àxf3 17.%àxf35.(àc6 6.%àd2 g6 7.b3 'àg7 8.'àb2 f5 ( or 17.(àd4 18.%àd3 followed by f4 )EXERCISE: What is best: exchange the 18.exf5 gxf5 19.&àad1 , and if now (àd4?bishops or avoid the exchange? Explain your 20.&àxd4! exd4 21.%àf4 &àf7 22.&àe1answer! when Black has serious positional problems.[ The main variation is 8.(àc3 (àf6 9.'àb2 The knight on d5 is a colossal strength in'àg4 10.'àe2 0-0 11.h3 'àxf3 12.'àxf3 (àd7 this kind of position with scattered pawns,13.0-0.In the game J.Polgar-V.Topalov, clumsy rooks and an open king's position.]Dos Hermanos 1996, Black tried the new 16.(àd4 17.f3 'àe6 Black is more interestedidea %àa5.The game continued 14.&àab1 in the knight on d5 than the knight on f3. 18
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